This top-down feedback loop is the core of Predictive Coding [2]. The brain isn’t passively waiting for pixels from the optic nerve. It is a “hallucination machine” constantly generating a simulation of the world. When you look at a tree, your brain predicts what it’s going to see. It compares that top-down prediction with the bottom-up sensory data from your eyes. The brain doesn’t pass the whole image up the chain; it only passes up the prediction errors (the diffs). Your conscious experience is just your brain’s best guess of reality, corrected by sensory diffs.
* 核心思路：单调递减栈（找「上一个比当前价格大的元素索引」），时间复杂度O(n)，空间复杂度O(n)
，详情可参考体育直播
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Credit: Timothy Werth / Mashable